Epictetus and the stoic notion of making do with less vs. living a life of abundance. Fear-setting and needs vs. wants.

In this audio essay episode, the author explores the profound wisdom of Stoic philosopher Epictetus on the topic of contentment and the virtues of simplicity in life. The episode begins by contextualizing Epictetus as a figure who emerged from slavery to offer timeless insights on human flourishing, emphasizing the value of focusing on what is within one's control and the practice of contentment through minimization of wants. Drawing on his teaching that "Make the best use of what is in your power and take the to rest as it happens," the discussion evolves around the Stoic differentiation between fundamental needs (such as sustenance) and additional wants (like gastronomic extravagance). It introduces the practice of 'fear-setting,' a transformative exercise that involves confronting worst-case scenarios to mitigate the fear of forgoing excess and to redefine perceptions of abundance. This Stoic principle is compared to various philosophies and practices across cultures and eras, illustrating a universal acknowledgment that contentment can indeed stem from embracing 'less'.

The episode further intertwines Epictetus' philosophy with insights from multiple disciplines—biology, chemistry, physics, cognitive therapy, economics, and sociology—that highlight the virtues of a life within our 'psychological carrying capacity.' It particularly emphasizes how the principles of homeostasis, entropy, opportunity cost, and the Matthew effect inform the Stoic endeavor for tranquility and the reduction of unnecessary desires. The audio essay asserts that Epictetus' stoic teachings, enriched by the understanding of various modern areas of study, guide us toward inner autonomy and prosperity, achieved through simplicity and restraint. This comprehensive reflection illustrates that Epictetus' wisdom is not only beneficial for individual peace but also holds the potential for broader societal transformation towards sustainable living and a recalibration of the global value system. The conclusion reaffirms the relevance of Epictetus' message in the contemporary context, urging a redefinition of true abundance through the lens of contentment and reductionism.